Endocrine Abstracts

The first case of pituitary abscess was described a 100 years ago and since then, only a few 100 cases have been reported in the literature, mainly as case reports. Bacterial infections are the most common etiology, while tuberculosis, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections occur much less frequently. Pituitary infections may be primary or secondary and may develop due to hematogenous seeding or by direct extension of adjacent infections (sphenoid sinusitis, cavernous sinus t...

Thyroid hormones T3 and T4 have fundamental roles in development, differentiation and metabolism. Many of these actions can be explained by the well-known binding of T3 to specific nuclear receptors TRα and TRβ, which regulate the expression of numerous genes. However, more and more examples of extranuclear or nongenomic effects of thyroid hormones are now appearing, based on mechanisms that are independent of the nuclear receptors an...

Graves’ hyperthyroidism is caused by autoantibodies to the thyrotrophin receptor (TSHR) that mimic thyroid stimulation by TSH. The disease develops spontaneously in humans but not in animals and conventional immunization with purified TSHR protein and adjuvant fails to generate Graves’-like antibodies that stimulate the thyroid. However, antibody-mediated hyperthyroidism can be induced in mice or hamsters by novel approaches involving multiple injections of cells exp...

Introduction: Poorly differentiated thyroid cancer (PDTC) is a rare subtype of thyroid carcinomas, that diagnosis is difficult and often missed in daily routine. It is believed that most of them arise in well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma, although a subset of these lesions apparently also arise de novo.Case report: In 2007, a 55-year-old man had a total thyroidectomy and received radioactive iodine treatment post-surgery due to well-differentiated pa...

Introduction: The prevalence of hyperlipidemia in type 1 diabetics is 30 to 90%. High total cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride serum level is independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. High prevalence of malignant atherogenic profile is alarming in type 1 diabetics (high triglyceride, low HDL). It is very often that dislipidemia is associated with diabetes and obesity, as well as hypertension, that pointed to inherited disorders.The aim of this s...

Introduction: LH receptor plays an important role in sexual development and reproductive function. Mutations of this receptor lead to the development of three clinical conditions: Leydig cell hypoplasia, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism with primary amenorrhea and familial male limited precocious puberty. The first two entities result from inactivating mutations. In Leydig cell hypoplasia, with autosomal recessive inheritance, the phenotypic spectrum correlates with the degree o...

Background: Generously supported by IPSEN)-->Pituitary abscess is a rare but potentially fatal entity. It represents ~0.2–1% of all pituitary lesions. The symptoms are usually nonspecific. The proper interpretation of imaging studies is of extreme importance to the differential diagnoses.Case: Man, 40 years old, begins complaining of occipital headache (25.04.2011), initially with good response to treatmen...

A 67-year-old female patient with a more than five-year history of symptomatic treatment of bilateral hip joint arthrosis, lumbar spine spondiloarthrosis as well as progressive hearing impairmen and dizziness was referrred by orthopedic surgeon to the endocrinology ward for diagnostic workup of metabolic bone disease. From the family history it was known that her mother had similar complains by the age of 60, which rapidly led to disability to walk, but she was never properly ...

Introduction: Endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS), is associated with significant morbidity (metabolic, cardiovascular, bone, psychiatric complications among others). Most complications tend to improve if hypercortisolism is controlled but some are only partially reversible or even experience temporary exacerbation.Patients and Methods: We report 2 cases of adrenal Cushing Syndrome (CS). The first is a 72 years-old female with CS caused by bilateral macrono...

Introduction: The importance of highly sensitive screening tests for pheochromocytoma/paragnaglioma (PPGL) is clear. However, a low level of specificity may lead to unnecessary biochemical and imaging investigations and even to needless surgical procedures. Therefore, in patients with elevated values of metanephrines, it is essential to establish a rational threshold for performing prompt thorough diagnostic investigations rather than opting for active surveillance.<p clas...